Tintern Abbey Questions and Answers Marks 5
I. Describe, after Wordsworth the beauteous forms of Nature near Tintern Abbey and comment on the poet’s description ?[Tintern Abbey]
Or,
Draw, after Wordsworth, the scenic charms of the natural scene around the river Wye.
The opening lines of Wordsworth’s celebrated poem, ‘Tintern Abbey contain some graphic descriptions of the natural scenery of the surrounding place of the river Wye. The place, visited by the poet some five years back, has a haunting memory for him, and as he views again familiar sights and forms and hears familiar sounds, his memory begins to recall what he saw and enjoyed during his first visit.
Wordsworth is a poet of Nature, but what strikes most in his world of Nature is his emphasis on the tranquility, prevalent all over Nature. The present poem testifies to his specific attitude to the serenity and the greenness of the world of Nature, around this lovely spot.
The beautiful forms around the river Wye, perceived by the poet, are marked with a rare tranquility. The place is utterly secluded, and the wild secluded scene serves to inculcate on mind some deeper thoughts of seclusion. The poet hears the soft sound of the water of the river flowing down its mountain spring. He beholds the peaks, steep and lofty, and the quiet sky overhead to which the land meets at the distant horizon. The whole landscape is marked with beauty and quietude, the big sycamore continues to offer shades in the place which seems to have been turned green all over. Unripe fruits, fresh grass, leaves, groves and copses are all lost in one green colour that spreads upto the very cottage door. The landscape is made beautiful by the long lines of hedge-rows which seem to have no end and run rather wildly.
The whole region is wonderfully calm, and looks devoid of any human habitation. The coil of smoke, rising from the distant forest, noticed by him casually, however, serves to indicate the presence of some human beings-a hermit or nomadic people inside the forest.
The entire description is precise, but inspired with Wordsworth’s regard for the quiet beauty of Nature. His moral note of tranquility and greenness in Nature is here forcefully echoed. He appears here, no doubt, a painter of the scenic beauty of Nature, yet his nature-imagery, enlivened with grace and vividness, bears out his love for the quiet and soothing aspects of Nature.
II.“We see into the life of things”-Reproduce briefly Wordsworth’s indebtedness to the beauteous forms of Nature during his absence from this place.
Or,
In what ways the poet is found indebted to the beauteous forms of Nature around the river Wye?
Between his first visit and second, Wordsworth was far away from the lovely natural spot near Tintern Abbey. The place, with its impressive sights and sounds, was physically removed from him. Nevertheless, it was not completely cut off from him as ‘a landscape is shut out to a blind man’s eye.’ Though absent from the place, he remained present there through the perception of his romantic vision.
As a matter of fact, the memory of the place haunted his mind constantly during the intervening period (of five years) between the first visit (1793) and the second (1798). He was indebted to the place in more than one way for the gifts that it conferred on him.
In the first place, the memory of the beautiful natural scenery had a calming and restorative effect on him, whenever the poet was alone, with his vacant hours, much disturbed, amid the din and bustle of cities and towns. That memory served to chase away then the heaviness of his heart and filled him with pleasurable sensations. That feeling stirred his mind and heart profoundly and restored him to mental peace and quietude.
In the second place, the memory of the place had also aroused, almost unnoticed, in him such feelings of inexplicable delight which might have been stirred by the feeling of kindness and of love. The poet felt that the rare beauty of Nature reminded him of his great experience and he came to have a share in the feeling which a man might experience, after remembering unconsciously a long forgotten work of nobleness and love, performed previously by him.
In the third place, this scenic charm of the place also served to create in him a mood of mind in which all earthly limitations and depressions were transcended. The poet ceased to be a material, physical being and became almost a living soul, with a clear sense of what was inexplicable and mysterious in the world. In such a mood, he perceives an all-pervasive harmony and penetrated into the great joy which pervaded all over the universe and the individual mind. That was the supreme transcendental moment of revelation in which his earthly, existence was almost suspended and he seemed to have become a ‘living soul!
III. Nor less, I trust,
To them I may have owed another gift, of aspect more sublime, …..What gift may the poet have owed?
The beauteous forms of Nature, near the banks of the river Wye, even when the poet was away from them, had a ready contact with him through the vision of his mind. It served to provide his mind with quietude amid the din and bustle of cities and towns and roused in him a pleasurable sensation. The poet, however, admits his indebtness to it for another gift which is much stronger and of a greater sublime effect. The memory of the place has the power to create in his mind a mood of celestial happiness. In this mood, all his earthly limitations seem to pass away and what may appear complex and inexplicable in earthly affairs become all clear to his deeper vision. This state of mind, gradually produced, is akin to a mystic trance in which his revelation is all complete. The poet has a thorough and profound understanding of the essence of the universe and of all the forces working in it, although they are apparently unintelligible and abstruse.
The expression bears out the profundity of Wordsworth’s love for Nature and faith in her power. This contains a frank and clear admission of the poet’s indebtness to Nature in which his regard for her is patent. The poet actually emphasizes here the deep influence of a natural scene on human mind even when this is far removed.
IV……… that serene and blessed mood, In which the affections gently lead us on -…. What does the poet say of the serene blessed mood?
This is a mood of sublime serenity and happiness in which the poet seems to attain almost a spiritual vision. He seems to be lost gradually in a mystic trance. In this mood, all his material sensations and earthly matters seem to dissolve altogether. Even his physical body and the flow of blood through his veins become suspended, turned almost static. The poet enjoys, as noted already, a sort of spiritual animation, in which all his earthly feelings and sensations do no more exist. He seems to cease to have any physical entity, and exists in spirit only. He attains, too, a state of mind in which an all-pervasive power of harmony and a profound sense of joy are perceived. There is a transition of the poet in mind from the physical world to the spiritual, from the individual existence to the universal realization.
V. The picture of the scenery
seen by the poet five years ago. …….How does the picture revive ?
The picture of the scenery, seen by the poet five years ago, now revives in his mind, as he stands on the bank of the river. The sights of the familiar scenes of natural beauty awakens in him the recollections of the past. But these recollections are somewhat vague and confused and envelops his mind with a sense of sadness.
But gradually , the dim memories of the time, when he first and he has a sensation, immensely pleasant. He tastes a double delight, for he enjoys the present pleasure along with the assurance of his joy and consolation for future years. The poet is quite ensured of the lasting effect of the memory of this place of natural beauty to bring for him both joy and consolation in years to come.
The passage marks the poet’s firm faith in the impact of as a restorative and inspiring force. He implies here that nature is an unfailing source of man’s delight and happiness. This is a necessary part of the Wordsworthian attitude to Nature, a part of his deification of Nature.
VI. Reproduce after Wordsworth his love for Nature in his youth.
Wordsworth’s love for Nature was as intense in his youth as in his boyhood, but its character was different. In his youth, he sought purely visual delight in natural beauty. He derived from different natural objects sensuous pleasures. He was, in fact, well-satisfied with the outward forms and the changing colours of different natural elements. The roaring sounds of waterfalls possessed his heart and became a passion with him. The physical features of lofty rocks and dark dense forests kept him almost spell-bound. In short, the poet yearned for the sights and sounds of external Nature. He was so deeply engrossed in such sights and sounds that he became incapable of perceiving any deeper meaning in them by means of his contemplation. In fact, he found no other charm in Nature except her gorgeous colours and lovely forms that appealed to his physical senses and appeased his visual longing and sensual appetite.
Herein is indicated the sensuousness of Wordsworth’s attitude to Nature in his youth as opposed to the contemplative aspect of his later years. This, however, constitutes a distinct mark of the poet’s deep attachment to Nature at every phase of his life in his boyhood, youth and manhood.
VII. Reproduce briefly Wordsworth’s atachment to Nature in his maturity.
In his boyhood and youth, Wordsworth’s love for Nature was physical and visual respectively. As he advanced in years, his previous pleasures, animal and sensual, passed away and his maturity is found to have cultivated a contemplative outlook on Nature. His experience of human sorrows and sufferings, has tempered his boyish and youthful rapture. The loveliness of Nautre is meaningfully associated by him with human life. Human sorrows and sufferings, in fact, seem to have urged his mind, broadened his outlook and inserted a feeling of sober attitude in him. His mind has become disciplined, and is capable of looking upon Nature and human life as the part of a harmonious design. In short, his attitude has become more contemplative and philosophic.
Herein is revealed reveal the development of Wordsworth’s contemplative approach to Nature and his realisation of the harmony existing between Nature and Man. This is a part of the poet’s pantheism in which the individual man and external Nature have a well designed unification under a universal creative force.
VIII. Write a brief note on his pantheistic philosophy as expressed in the poem.
In his meditative mood, the poet has a new kind of experience. He realises the presence of a mighty, all-pervasive spirit in Nature. The constant restlessness of his mind is now replaced by the joy of a sublime revelation. He begins to perceive the presence of a universal spirit that is blended with everything and pervades everywhere. This spirit seems to dwell in all the forms of beauty and energy in the visible universal Nature. It is present in the setting of astronomical objects, in the free air, in the rolling ocean and in the blue sky as also in the mind of man. All the animate and inanimate objects of this universe appear in the manifestations of this very spirit that acts as a life-giving energy and endows everything with vitality as well as mobility.
Here is presented Wordsworth’s pantheistic philosophy which is the central doctrine of his poetic creed. In his poetic pantheism, animate and inanimate objects, Nature and man, are closely connected and interwoven. One divine spirit is found to diffuse, spread and work through the whole created realm that extends both to Nature and to man. In this pantheism, the link of man with the world of Nature is strongly asserted and taken as the moral force of the creative universe.
IX……and this prayer I make,
Knowing that Nature never did betray – …Comment Critically on the essence of this prayer.
This is Wordsworth’s exhortation to his sister Dorothy in the concluding portion of his celebrated poem ‘Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey. After relating the diverse stages of his association with Nature, the poet goes to assure here Dorothy of the consistency of the salutary impact of Nature, that remains ever unshaken.
The poet in Wordsworth is a devout admirer and worshipper of Nature. In different stages in his life in his boyhood, youth and manhood-he has been a firm and devoted lover of Nature. He believes strongly in the congenial role of Nature as a constant source of man’s joy and consolation. He strongly avows to his sister that Nature never turns false to one who truly loves her. What he implies is that the love of Nature is all through steady, constant, and not at all frail or fickle like that of man. In this connection, the poet further assures Dorothy of the blessed effects of Nature on her lovers, like herself. He claims unequivocally that Nature has the unfailing function to lead man from one joy to another. What he affirms here is that the vast world of Nature is rich with graces and charms, pleasures and solaces, and this may well be enjoyed and relished by those who truly love and follow her.
Wordsworth’s profound regard for Nature and his warm conviction in the beneficial role of Nature in human society are well merked here. This particularly lays down the benevolent humanitarian function of Nature to serve and help men in their problems and weariness of life.
X. Reproduce briefly Wordsworth’s conclusion in the poem Tintern Abbey.
This forms the conclusion of the poem Lines Composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey by William Wordsworth. It is the concluding part of the poet’s exhortation to his sister Dorothy, who accompanied him in his second visit to the banks of the river Wye, already visited by him alone, some five years back. The poet here assures his sister of his deep love for Nature and herself.
The poet feels quite confident that Dorothy will never forget this visit to the river Wye in the company of her brother. She will retain its lovely memory as also her brother’s persisting attachment to Nature and this very place of natural beauty. She will remember, too, him as a steady devotee of Nature and his unfailing service to her. Through his assertion of Dorothy’s conviction, the poet emphasises his zealous, profound and sacred love for her. He also feels that Dorothy cannot but remember her brother’s visit to the banks of the river Wye with the surrounding charms of the dense forest, tall hills and green, long stretched landscape. She will admit then his ardent interest in and unstinted admiration for all these elements partly for their loveliness and partly for her presence with him there.
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