GULLIVER’S TRAVELS STUDY MATERIALS
1. Who wrote Gulliver’s Travels? When was it published? Gulliver’s Travels has been written by Jonathan Swift.
It was first published under its full title, Gulliver’s Travels or Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. In Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and then a Captain of Several Ships in the year 1726.
2. Who is Gulliver?
Gulliver’s Travels is the story of the various adventures of Lemuel Gulliver, who is basically the narrator and protagonist in the book. Gulliver, a married surgeon from Nottinghamshire, England, is someone who loves traveling. He works as a surgeon on ships and lands up becoming a ship captain.
3. How many journeys does Gulliver embark on?
Gulliver embarks on four separate voyages in Gulliver’s Travels. There is a storm before every journey. All the four voyages add new perspectives to Gulliver’s life and also give him new opportunities for satirizing the ways of England.
4. Where does he go on his first voyage? What happens there?
In the first voyage, Gulliver travels to Lilliput, where he is huge and the Lilliputians are small. Initially, the Lilliputians look amiable, but the reader soon understands that they are very ridiculous and petty creatures.
For “making water”, Gulliver gets convicted of treason in the capital (although he was putting out a fire and saving innumerable lives)-among other “crimes.”.
5. Why were the two conflicting parties in Lilliput called ‘Big-endians’ in Gulliver’s Travels?
The two parties in Lilliput are Tramecksan and Slamecksan; they are distinguished by the high and low heels of their shoes.
6. What was the destination of Gulliver on his In the second voyage?
Gulliver travels to Brobdingnag, which is a land of Giants and he is as small as the Lilliputians were to him. So, naturally, Gulliver is scared, but his keepers are surprisingly gentle. He gets humiliated by the King when he is forced to see the difference between how England is and how it ought to be. Gulliver soon understands that he must have been very revolting to the Lilliputians.
7. How was Gulliver chained?
On each side of the gate was a small window, not above six inches from the ground: into that on the left side, the king’s smith conveyed fourscore and eleven chains, like those that hang to a lady’s watch in Europe, and almost as large, which were locked to my left leg with six-and-thirty padlocks.
8. Where does Gulliver go on his third voyage?
In the third voyage, Gulliver travels to Laputa (and neighbouring Luggnagg and Glubbdubdrib). When he visits the island of Glubbdubdrib, he gets the power to call up the dead and discovers the deceptions of history. In the land of Laputa, the people are over-thinkers and are outrageous in many ways. He also meets the Stuldbrugs there, whichis basically a race that is blessed with immortality. But Gulliver finds out that they are miserable.
9.Who are houyhnhnms?
It is a species of horses that are gifted with great compassion and virtue. Gulliver lives with them for many years and in the end, feels extremely sad to return to England.
10. What happens to Gulliver on his fourth voyage?
In the fourth voyage, Gulliver travels to the land of Houyhnhnms, who are horses gifted with a reason. Their coherent, clean, and trouble-free society is contrasted with the foulness and brutality of the Yahoos, who are beasts in human shape. Gulliver manages to unwillingly come to recognize their human vices. He ends up staying with the Houyhnhnms for many years and gets totally captivated with them to a point that he never wants leave.
11. Who are Brobdingnagians?
Brobdingnagians are the inhabitants of Brobdingnag and are giant creatures in comparison to Gulliver.
12. What was Gulliver’s experience at the hands of the farmer in Brobdingnag?
Gulliver is taken to the farmer’s home, where he delights the “giant” people with his antics. The farmer’s children are rough with him, he has an altercation with two very large rats, and he becomes a treasured plaything for the farmer’s daughter. When the farmer discovers that Gulliver is an excellent source of income when used as a “side show”, Gulliver is forced to perform ten times per day, and he makes the farmer a large profit. In the end, the farmer sells Gulliver to the Queen.
13. What show the final disagreement between Gulliver and the king that reflects a difference between ingenuity and wisdom?
The Brobdingnag King dismisses the pretensions of Gulliver even more than Gulliver had those of the Lilliputians, but there is relatively little difference between the three countries. The Brobdingnag King has the ingenuity to realize this.
14. “Of so little weight are the greatest services to princes, when put into the balance with a refusal to gratify their passions.” – What is the significance?
Gulliver does the Emperor of Lilliput a service by capturing the enemy’s navy, but the emperor gives Gulliver the cold shoulder when Gulliver refuses to escalate the war against Blefuscu. Gulliver realizes that only constant obedience, not past service, means anything to monarchs.
15. What are the law and order situation in Lilliput?
Gulliver describes some of the other laws of Lilliput, such as a tradition by which anyone who falsely accuses someone else of a crime against the state is put to death. Deceit is considered worse than theft, because honest people are more vulnerable to liars than to thieves, since commerce requires people to trust one another. The law provides not only for punishment but also for rewards of special titles and privileges for good behavior.
16. Why did the Emperor become indifferent towards Gulliver?
The Emperor became indifferent to Gulliver when he refused to destroy Blefuscu’s freedom.
17. “Although we usually call reward and punishment the two hinges upon which all government turns, yet I could never observe this maxim to be put in practice by any nation except Lilliput.” – Explain.
The Lilliputian justice system differs from all others in that it actually incorporates incentives and rewards for good behavior, not existing solely to punish wrongdoing.
18. What are the Lilliputians’ ideas about child-rearing ?
Lilliputians believe that parents should not be trusted with the education of their own children; all parents are obliged to send their children to be reared and educated at public nurseries.3.
19. What impression does the king leave on your mind in this story?
The king of Brobdingnag, who, in contrast to the emperor of Lilliput, seems to be a true intellectual, well versed in political science among other disciplines. While his wife has an intimate, friendly relationship with the diminutive visitor, the king’s relation to Gulliver is limited to serious discussions about the history and institutions of Gulliver’s native land.
20. “But his Imperial Majesty, fully determined against capital punishment … might easily provide against this evil by gradually lessening your establishment; by which, for want of sufficient food, you would grow weak and faint, and lose your appetite, and consequently decay and consume in a few months.” – Explain.
Gulliver’s friend informs him that he has been charged with treason and describes the way the emperor plans to dispatch him. The friend presents the emperor’s decision against capital punishment, that is a genuine execution, as a mercy to Gulliver. Instead, Gulliver will be starved to death slowly. The sentence exposes the hypocrisy of the Lilliputian emperor, claiming to stand against the death penalty while favoring the lingering suffering of slow starvation.
21. Discuss the sin of pride among the Lilliputians.
The Lilliputians symbolize humankind’s wildly excessive pride in its own puny existence. Swift fully intends the irony of representing the tiniest race visited by Gulliver as by far the most vainglorious and smug, both collectively and individually.
22. How has the author explained about the country of Brobdingnag?
This land is inhabited by monstrous-looking giants who are twelve times the height of Gulliver. By contrast with these huge-looking men, Gulliver thinks himself to be as small as the Lilliputians were by contrast with him.
23. “Undoubtedly philosophers are in the right, when they tell us that nothing is great or little otherwise than by comparison.” – What happened?
When Gulliver arrives in Brobdingnag, he discovers race of giants that dwarf him in the same way that he dwarfed the Lilliputians. This change in circumstance and perspective show him that all concepts, including size, exist only in ideas.
24.What are some examples of how the king of Brobdingnag shows affection toward Gulliver and one example of how he shows distaste for Gulliver’s proportion to context.
The King of Brobdingnag and Gulliver are very close, with both the King and Queen having a special affection and fondness for Gulliver. Gulliver and the King discuss many aspects of culture germane to Europe and Brobdingnag. At one point Gulliver provides the King advice as to agricultural policy. To show his distaste, the King makes Gulliver kneel in front of him and lick the ground in front of his feet.
25. Lilliput is a representative of what country?
England.
26. ‘I dare engage these creatures have their titles and distinctions of honor; they contrive little nests and burrows that they call houses and cities; And they make a figure in dress and equipage; they love each other, they fight, they dispute, they cheat, they betray.’ – Explain.
The king’s assessment of European society is bleak. He acknowledges that they have the trappings of civilization, houses, cities, fine clothing, but all of that is a façade. Even as the Europeans present themselves in a cultured manner, they are capable of terrible and faithless activities.
27. What conflict led to the war between lilliput and blefuscu?
The conflict began when an emperor of the Lilliputian people decreed that all eggs could only be broken on the small end. Many of the emperor’s people rebelled at the decree and the Blefuscu entered into the conflict on their behalf. They of course were of the belief that eggs should only be broken in the “large” end. Nonetheless, this became an ongoing conflict between the two empires!
28. In lilliput, Gulliver is given the name ‘quinbus flestrin’. – What is the meaning of this name? What was the reason for giving such a name to Gulliver?
The term means “great mountain man,” and it was given to Gulliver in reference to his size.
29. ‘This made me reflect, how vain an attempt it is for a man to endeavour to do himself honour among those who are out of all degree of equality or comparison with him.’ – Bring out the significance.
Gulliver tries to be taken seriously at court in Brobdingnag, but the king thinks of him only as a joke. Gulliver decides it is useless to try to impress people who are unable to appreciate the effort.
30. How did gulliver won the favor of emperor? He spies on and defeats the navy of Blefuscu.
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